NIH-funded preclinical results suggest returning nerve cells to a younger state could aid in repair.  Microscopic scan of axon regrowth
Researchers have discovered three factors important for helping axons (red) regrow following spinal cord damage. Sofroniew lab
For many years, researchers have thought that the scar that forms after a spinal cord injury actively prevents damaged neurons from regrowing. In a study of rodents, scientists supported by the National Institutes of Health showed they could overcome this barrier and reconnect severed spinal cord nerves by turning back the neurons’ clocks to put them into an early growth state. Once this occurs, neurons could be induced to regrow across the scarred tissue. The research was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), part of NIH.